What must be added to a pure hue to create a shade?

To create a shade, black must be added to a pure hue. A shade refers to a darker version of a color that results from mixing the color with black. This process deepens the color, creating a richer and often more intense version of the original hue. For instance, if you take a pure red and mix it with black, you get a darker red, sometimes referred to as burgundy or maroon, which is a shade of red.

In contrast, adding white would create a tint, which lightens the original hue, while mixing a hue with gray would produce a tone, which reduces the intensity or vibrancy of the color without necessarily making it darker or lighter. Adding yellow would change the color's hue entirely rather than simply modifying its darkness. Thus, the correct approach for creating a shade is to incorporate black into the pure hue.