Which design principle is focused on creating a focal point in a layout?

The principle that is centered around creating a focal point in a layout is emphasis. This design principle guides viewers' attention to a specific area that the designer wants to highlight. By using various techniques such as color, size, shape, or texture, designers can draw the viewer's eye to a particular element within the design, making it stand out. Emphasis helps to establish hierarchy within a composition, ensuring that the most important information or visuals are noticed first, which is essential for effective communication in graphic design.

Contrast, while relevant to enhancing visibility and differentiation within a layout, does not focus specifically on creating a singular focal point. Balance refers to the distribution of visual weight within a design, which helps create a sense of stability but not necessarily a focal point. Alignment helps organize elements and create relationships between them, but it doesn't inherently create a point of emphasis in terms of visual impact.